Have you prepared the most important questions from Block 1 Unit 2 for IGNOU MAPC MPCE013 Exam? Don't miss this chance to score good marks - start NOW!

Block 1 Unit 2 Insight Psychotherapy, Interpersonal Psychotherapy

1) What is insight therapy?

Insight therapy is an umbrella term for a group of different therapy techniques that share similar characteristics in theory and thought. It assumes that a person's behaviour, thoughts, and emotions become disordered because the individual does not understand their own motivations, especially when a conflict develops between their needs and drives. The goal of this therapy is to help an individual discover the reasons and motivations for their behaviour, feelings, and thinking.

2) Name the levels of consciousness as described by Jung?

According to Jung, there are three levels of consciousness:

• The conscious is the level of which a person is directly aware.
• The personal unconscious.
• The collective unconscious acts as a storage area for all the experiences that all people have had over the centuries.

3) What are the conditions that must be met in person-centered therapy?

Carl Rogers outlined six core conditions for therapeutic change in person-centered therapy:

1. Two persons in psychological contact: A therapeutic relationship must exist.
2. Client incongruence: The client experiences a discrepancy between their ideal self and actual experience.
3. Therapist congruence (genuineness): The therapist is authentic and genuine in the relationship.
4. Unconditional positive regard: The therapist accepts the client without judgment.
5. Empathic understanding: The therapist accurately understands the client's inner world.
6. Client perception: The client perceives the therapist's congruence, unconditional positive regard, and empathic understanding.

4) What are the goals of Gestalt therapy?

The goal of Gestalt therapy is to help patients understand and accept their needs and fears, as well as increase awareness of how they keep themselves from reaching their full potential. It emphasises current day life in the wholeness of the personality. The focus is on the patient in the therapy room, in the present, instead of launching into the past.

5) What are the main focus areas in interpersonal psychotherapy?

The main focus areas in interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) are:

• Grief: Facilitating mourning.
• Role disputes: Identifying issues in disputes and alternative actions.
• Role transitions: Encouraging the patient to view role transitions in a positive way.
• Interpersonal deficits: Working on remediating interpersonal deficits.

6) What is communication analysis?

Communication analysis in interpersonal therapy (IPT) is a key technique used to examine how communication patterns contribute to interpersonal problems and psychological distress. Therapists encourage patients to provide detailed accounts of recent interactions, focusing on both verbal and nonverbal cues, to identify problematic communication styles. By analyzing these patterns, patients gain insight into how their communication impacts their relationships and learn healthier ways of expressing their needs and emotions, ultimately improving their interpersonal functioning and overall well-being.

7) Discuss the various therapies under insight psychotherapy?

The various therapies under insight psychotherapy include:

• Psychoanalysis: Developed by Sigmund Freud, this approach posits that psychopathology is a result of "unconscious conflicts". Techniques include free association, dream analysis, and analysis of defense mechanisms.
• Analytical psychology: Developed by Carl Jung, this approach includes the concept of the collective unconscious in addition to the individual unconscious. Jungian therapy focuses on bringing the unconscious into the conscious.
• Existential therapy: This approach focuses on existential themes and how they apply to the patient. It emphasises the importance of existence and one's responsibility for one's own psychological existence.
• Person-centered therapy: Developed by Carl Rogers, this approach is based on four stages, the developmental stage, the nondirective stage, the client centered stage, and the person centered stage.
• Gestalt therapy: This approach emphasises current day life in the wholeness of the personality. It focuses on the present and the creative aspects of people.

8) What is interpersonal psychotherapy and its characteristics?

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a time-limited therapy that focuses on the interpersonal context and on building interpersonal skills. It is based on the belief that interpersonal factors may contribute heavily to psychological problems. IPT is distinguished from other therapies by its emphasis on interpersonal processes rather than intrapsychic processes. IPT aims to change a person's interpersonal behaviour by fostering adaptation to current interpersonal roles and situations. Characteristics of IPT include:

• The assumption that a person's moods and interpersonal world are interdependent.
• A focus on interpersonal problems in one of four areas: grief, role disputes, role transitions, and interpersonal deficits.
• A focus on "here and now" functioning rather than past relationships.
• It is time-limited, a characteristic it shares with CBT and behavioural therapies.
• It does not attempt to change a person’s personality.

9) Describe the techniques of interpersonal psychotherapy?