Important Questions for IGNOU MAPC MPCE023 Exam with Main Points for Answer - Block 4 Counselling: Future Directions (E-Counselling) Unit 3 Future Direction

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Block 4 Counselling: Future Directions (E-Counselling)

Unit 3 Future Direction

1. Write down in short the development of counselling psychology in different countries?

In 1946, the American Psychological Association (APA) recognised "Personnel and Guidance" as a branch of psychology.
The National Register of Health Service Providers in Psychology in the USA focused on training and accreditation of counselling psychologists in 1974.
The Hong Kong Psychological Society (HKPS) added counselling as the fourth professional division in 2006.
The Chinese Association for Mental Health (CAMH), established in 1985, was primarily composed of medical practitioners.
Indian psychology, rooted in ancient writings, is documented as Mano Vidya.

2. Highlight the various scopes to make career in Counselling Psychology field.

Counselling psychology offers various career opportunities:
- Individual counselling in various organisations.
- Online counselling (e-counselling), addressing time and financial constraints.
- Counselling in schools, universities, and industries.
- Working as a trained counsellor in various sectors.
- Providing support for individuals facing stress, conflict, pressure, frustration or adjustment problems.
New courses are emerging in the field of counselling.
There's a need for more trained counsellors across different sectors.

3. What are the application of counselling psychology in different aspects of life and why?

Counselling psychology is applicable to various aspects of life:

It helps to improve mental health.
It facilitates personal and interpersonal functioning.
It addresses issues related to personal, emotional, social, vocational, educational, health-related and developmental concerns.
It assists individuals in coping with stress, conflicts and adjustment issues.
Counselling can improve decision making and job satisfaction.
It is needed in addressing increased demands and decreased resources.

Counselling is vital for both mental well-being and the overall growth of individuals, organisations and countries.

4. What do you understand by E-counselling? What are the benefits and challenges of it?

E-counselling, also known as online counselling, is a method of providing advice and guidance through electronic mail or other online platforms.

Benefits of e-counselling include:

Convenience and accessibility, as it removes the need for travel.
Flexibility in terms of scheduling.
Can help with time management and financial problems.
Utilises online relationship quizzes and tests as interactive evaluation methods to support one on one counselling.
Offers self-help tools such as CD ROMs, books and audiovisual exercises.
Allows for adjunct offline sessions in different formats.

Challenges of e-counselling include:

Lack of non-verbal cues, which are important in face-to-face interaction.
Some may not find it as helpful as face-to-face therapy, particularly video conferencing.
Not suitable for those who are computer illiterate or require visual cues.
Concerns about confidentiality and security of online communication.

5. What could be the ethical issues related to E-counselling and how it is different from face to face individual counselling?"
Ethical issues in e-counselling include:

Confidentiality of client information in digital environments.
Data security and protection against breaches.
Informed consent procedures specific to online interactions.
Competence of counsellors in using online platforms and techniques.
Managing emergencies and crises remotely.
Boundaries and dual relationships in online contexts.
Jurisdictional issues when clients are located in different areas.

E-counselling differs from face-to-face counselling in that:

Non-verbal cues may be absent or less apparent.
Therapeutic relationship may need to be established differently.
Counsellors need to adapt their skills to the digital medium.
Technological issues can disrupt the process.

Important Points

In 1946 the APA give recognition to Personnel and Guidance branch of psychology.
In 1974 the National Register of Health Service Providers in Psychology focused on the training and accreditation of counselling psychologists in the USA.
Counselling is the most recent domain included in four professional divisions of the Hong Kong Psychological Society (HKPS) in 2006.
The Chinese Association for Mental Health (CAMH), established in 1985, was composed mainly of Medical practitioners.
Indian psychology is recorded in ancient Indian writings and documented as Mano Vidya.
A method of providing advice and guidance on a one-to-one basis from a professional counsellor, psychologist or mental health practitioner to an individual privately via electronic mail, is best known as E-counselling.
E-counselling is not beneficial for:
- Computer illiterate
- For non verabal cues
- Visual cues
A professional counsellor listens to the problem; analyses it in terms of present events and conscious, rational thinking rather than unconscious motivations.
In online counselling behavioural modification, counselling is provided mostly by which Video conferencing system.
Regarding the ethical issue control it is not true that there is more control of ethical issues in e-counselling.

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