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Unit 2 Research Paradigms

1. Explain the importance of paradigms in counselling and family therapy research.

A paradigm determines the criteria according to which we select and define the problem. It also acts as cultural artifact, which reflects the scientific behaviour in any community. In counselling and family therapy it provides a background for the research exercise and helps to go into depth. 

2. List the four approaches to counselling and family therapy research . 

Following are the four approaches to counselling and family therapy research. 

a) Qualitative and quantitative approach, 

b) Triangulation, 

c) Component analysis, and 

d) Model building. 

3. What do you mean by research paradigms? 

A paradigm determines the criteria according to which one selects and defines problems for inquiring and how one approaches them theoretically and methodologically. 

4. Explain phenomenography and the second order perspective.

Phenomenography has been extensively dealt with by Marton ( 1997). According to him, "Phenomenography is the empirical study of the limited number of qualitatively different ways in which various phenomena in and aspects of the world around are experienced, conceptualized, understood, perceived, and apprehended".

Phenomenographers call it a 'second order perspective' (Marton 1981).