Important Questions for IGNOU PGDCFT MSCCFT MCFT003 Exam with MainPoints for Answer - Unit 1 Counselling: Meaning, Scope and Applications

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Unit 1 Counselling: Meaning, Scope and Applications

1. Write a short note on family counselling.

Family counselling is an umbrella term for a number of therapeutic approaches which treat the family as a whole rather than singling out a specific individual for independent treatment. The whole family decides to work through their relationships to improve family communications. Family looks at how to solve a problem or adjust to a new situation.

2. What are the key principles for counselling?

Following are the key principles for counselling:

i) Counselling is a cooperative mode of work demanding active participation from both the provider and the recipient.

ii) Counselling is goal-oriented process. The aim of counselling for the recipient is to find an answer to an identified question or a solution to her or his specific problems.

iii) Counselling is best characterized by client-centeredness. The needs and views of the recipient have to be respected.

3. List down the important factors that are vital for the success of counselling.

i) Willingness,

ii) Motivation,

iii) Commitment, and

iv) Faith.

4. Enumerate the important models for counselling.

Following are the important models for counselling:

i) Humanistic approach to therapy,

ii) Cognitive behavioural therapy,

iii) Social learning and operant models, and

iv) Integrative approach to counselling.

5. What is humanistic approach to therapy? Outline the key features of this approach.

Humanistic approach to therapy emphasizes the importance of being aware of one's emotions and feeling free to express them. The therapy focuses on discovering true emotions and personal goals. The source of the problem is identified which is blocking the full development due to restricted growth potential. The technique used is conversations, largely guided by the client.
The three types of humanistic therapies are person-centered therapy, gestalt therapy and existential therapy.

6. List down the steps that provide a base for all effective counselling efforts.

Following are the steps that provide a base for effective counselling:

i) Attending,

ii) Responding, and

iii) Personalising.

7. What will the counsellor suggest if the problem is one requiring medical support and intervention?

Treatment options, including referral.

8. What are the characteristic features of Cognitive behavioural therapy for families?

Brief
Solution focused

9. What do the patterns, especially around issue of conflict, help identify?

They are examined to identify the roots of the problem as well as the goals of counselling.

10. What do psychoeducational interventions focus on?

In psychoeducational interventions the clients are educated about personal, interpersonal, or intrapersonal psychological matters.

11. List the different types of listening and responding techniques.

Following are the different types of listening and responding techniques:

i) Clarifying,

ii) Restatement

iii) Neutral,

iv) Reflective; and

v) Summarising.

12. What are the essential qualities of a good counsellor?

A good counsellor is:

i) Genuine,

ii) Respectful,

iii) Warn,

iv) Appropriately serious,

v) Empathic,

vi) Moves at client's pace, and

vii) Shows interest.

13. What is confidentiality in counselling process?

Confidentiality normally means that anything discussed during a counselling session is held as private and not discussed without permission. The information cannot be given to anyone or any agency unless client has given permission (and client is over 18 years). If client is under 18 years, both the parents of client need to agree to the information being given out.

14. What are the differences between psychotherapy and counselling?

Technically speaking, "counsellor" means "advisor". It involves two people working together to solve a problem. It is a term that is used in conjunction with many types of advice giving.
Psychotherapy is generally a long term treatment which focuses more on gaining insight into chronic physical and emotional problems. Its focus is on the patient's thought processes and way of being in the world rather than specific problems.

15. What are the indications of family counselling?

Family counseling can be beneficial for families facing various challenges. Here are some common indications:

Communication breakdowns: When family members struggle to express their feelings or listen to each other effectively.
Conflict and tension: Ongoing arguments, disagreements, or hostility between family members.
Parental stress: Difficulty managing parenting responsibilities, feeling overwhelmed or burnt out.
Adolescent issues: Behavioral problems, substance abuse, academic struggles, or emotional difficulties.
Family transitions: Divorce, separation, remarriage, blending families, or significant life changes.
Grief and loss: Coping with the death of a loved one or other significant losses.
Mental health concerns: Addressing anxiety, depression, or other mental health issues within the family.
Substance abuse: Struggling with addiction within the family.
Domestic violence or abuse: Experiencing or witnessing violence or abuse within the family.
Family counseling provides a safe and supportive space for family members to address these issues, improve communication, and develop healthier relationships.

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